Mikhail I. Imkhanitskiy – Doctor of Art, Professor of the Department of bayan and accordion at the Gnessin Russian Academy of Music, Professor of the Department of Orchestral Folk Instruments at the State Musical Pedagogical Institute named after M. M. Ippolitov-Ivanov, Honored Artist of the Russian Federation.
Gnessin Russian Academy of Music, Moscow, Russia, mikhimkh@yandex.ru, ORCID: 0000‑0002‑2200-6548
Abstract
The article proposes an unusual classification of musical instruments which radically differs from the generally accepted one. Over the past almost one and a half centuries, the musical instruments’ system, proposed in the 1880s by the Belgian scientist V. S. Maillon, has been adopted throughout instrumental and ethno-instrumental studies. Later, being generally accepted since 1914 this theory was developed by ethnologist E. M. Hornbostel together with the outstanding German musicologist K. by the Sachs. The article proposes as a fundamental criterion for the systematization of musical instruments not the principle of a sound source, but the principle of its extraction method. In this case, the sound source becomes only a prerequisite for the sound, but not the major, fundamental feature. For example, if we consider a string instrument, of the predominant importance for any musician becomes not the fact that it is a chordophone, but the way of playing it – with a bow on a violin or a cello, plucking or trembling a mediator on a domra, mandolin, finger-rattling on a balalaika, rotating a wooden wheel on a wheeled lyre and so on. It develops a new classification of musical instruments.
Keywords
musical instruments’ classification system, criteria for systematization of instrumental and orchestral groups
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